Server Platform benchmarks

In this evaluation we’ve benchmarked MetaFi on a number of workloads testing several of its core APIs you’d typically use to build a large scale multiplayer game.

The workloads have been run on a set of different hardware configurations to demonstrate the performance advantages that come from MetaFi’s modern hardware-friendly and highly-scalable architecture.

As the results demonstrate; MetaFi's performance grows as the hardware size grows. Scaling both up and out offers many advantages: from simplified cluster management to access to generally better hardware and economies of scale.

Methodology

The benchmarks were performed using Tsung, a powerful, distributed load testing tool.

The Tsung workloads benchmark MetaFiin single-node deployment (MetaFi OSS) and clustered mode (MetaFi Enterprise) in a few different configurations, using a single database instance.

The database instance hardware was kept constant through out all configurations and workloads to ensure there were no bottlenecks on I/O. Although we’ve also tested some database-bound APIs these benchmarks will focus on the capabilities of MetaFi.

The Tsung servers are run on Google Compute Engine (GCE).

No warmup runs were executed before the actual workloads.

Setup

Tsung / Database

The Tsung topology consists of one master and twenty slave nodes. This setup was unchanged across all the benchmark runs and the hardware specification was:

	Tsung Main	Tsung Redundant	Database
Instance Type	n1-standard-32	n1-standard-32	dedicated-core vCPU
vCPU / Mem	6 / 8GB	3 / 2GB	8 / 30GB
IOPS (read/write)	-	-	3000

The database was set up on Google CloudSQL.

MetaFi

We’ve run the benchmark workloads against three configurations:

MetaFi OSS

• 1 Node - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM

MetaFi Enterprise

• 2 Nodes - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM (per node)

• 2 Nodes - 2 CPU / 6GB RAM (per node)

All the containers were running on the GCP instance type: “n1-standard-32” and were created on Heroic Cloud platform. The MetaFi nodes are behind a GCP L7 load balancer.

Workloads

The proposed workloads are meant to display MetaFi’s throughput and capacity for effortless production-ready scale.

We’ll present the benchmarking results for the following workloads:

1. Number of concurrent socket connections (CCU count).

2. Throughput of new user registration.

3. Throughput of user authentication.

4. Throughput of custom RPC call in the Lua runtime.

5. Throughput of custom RPC call in the Go runtime.

6. Number of authoritative real-time matches using custom match handlers.

The following subsections are respectively dedicated to each of the aforementioned workloads, where each one of them will be described in more detail; followed by the benchmark results gathered by Tsung for each of the considered hardware and topology configurations.

Results

Workload 1 - Number of concurrent socket connections (CCU count)

This workload consists of authenticating a user, opening a socket connection to MetaFi, and keeping it open for around 200 seconds.

1 Node - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM

Number of connected users

2 Nodes - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM (per node)

Number of connected users

2 Nodes - 2 CPU / 6GB RAM (per node)

Number of connected users

Time to connect

Hardware	Max Connected	highest 10sec mean	lowest 10sec mean	Highest Rate	Mean Rate	Mean
1 Node - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM	20277	21.77 msec	20.69 msec	687.6 / sec	137.25 / sec	21.14 msec
2 Nodes - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM (each)	29550	38.48 msec	21.78 msec	1002.9 / sec	225.98 / sec	23.29 msec
2 Nodes - 2 CPU / 6GB RAM (each)	35723	29.06 msec	21.38 msec	1255.5 / sec	351.54 / sec	23.91 msec

As shown above, a single MetaFi instance with a single CPU core can have up to ~20,000 connected users. Scaling up to 2 nodes with 2 CPU cores each this values goes up to ~35,700 CCU.

Workload 2 - Register a new user

This workload emulates the registration of new users through the game server’s device authentication API which stores the new accounts to the database.

1 Node - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM

Throughput (req/s)

2 Node - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM (per node)

Throughput (req/s)

2 Node - 2 CPU / 6GB RAM (per node)

Throughput (req/s)

request statistics

Hardware	highest 10sec mean	lowest 10sec mean	Highest Rate	Mean Rate	Mean
1 Node - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM	23.28 msec	19.46 msec	906.5 / sec	528.39 / sec	21.24 msec
2 Nodes - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM (each)	27.57 msec	22.57 msec	1295.4 / sec	762.64 / sec	25.75 msec
2 Nodes - 2 CPU / 6GB RAM (each)	170 msec	19.59 msec	1581.5 / sec	939.35 / sec	39.63 msec

As shown above, a single MetaFi server can handle average loads of ~500 requests/sec with requests served in 21.24 ms (mean) with a database write operation for a new user. At this rate a game can create 1.86 million new players every hour. This value goes up to 3.24 million player accounts per hour when scaled to 2 nodes.

Workload 3 - Authenticate a user

This workload consists of authenticating an existing user using the game server’s device authentication API.

1 Node - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM

Throughput (req/s)

2 Node - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM (per node)

Throughput (req/s)

2 Node - 2 CPU / 6GB RAM (per node)

Throughput (req/s)

Hardware	highest 10sec mean	lowest 10sec mean	Highest Rate	Mean Rate	Mean
1 Node - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM	27.21 msec	19.52 msec	921 / sec	531.23 / sec	21.01 msec
2 Nodes - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM (each)	140 msec	22.65 msec	1302.9 / sec	766.25 / sec	27.94 msec
2 Nodes - 2 CPU / 6GB RAM (each)	840 msec	20.34 msec	1649.2 / sec	933.98 / sec	81.53 msec

Workload 4 - Custom Lua RPC call

This workload executes a simple RPC function exposed through the Lua runtime. The function receives a payload as a JSON string, decodes it, and echoes it back to the sender.

1 Node - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM

Throughput (req/s)

2 Node - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM (per node)

Throughput (req/s)

2 Node - 2 CPU / 6GB RAM (per node)

Throughput (req/s)

Request statistics

Hardware	highest 10sec mean	lowest 10sec mean	Highest Rate	Mean Rate	Mean
1 Node - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM	220 msec	20.06 msec	1210.8 / sec	706.78 / sec	33.40 msec
2 Nodes - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM (each)	47.88 msec	19.56 msec	1199.4 / sec	707.00 / sec	23.67 msec
2 Nodes - 2 CPU / 6GB RAM (each)	490 msec	20.80 msec	1406.3 / sec	823.74 / sec	73.13 msec

Workload 5 - Custom JavaScript RPC call

This workload executes a simple RPC function exposed through the JavaScript runtime. The function receives a payload as a JSON string, decodes it, and echoes it back to the sender.

1 Node - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM

Throughput (req/s)

2 Node - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM (per node)

Throughput (req/s)

2 Node - 2 CPU / 6GB RAM (per node)

Throughput (req/s)

Request statistics

Hardware	highest 10sec mean	lowest 10sec mean	Highest Rate	Mean Rate	Mean
1 Node - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM	490 msec	21.51 msec	1201.2 / sec	707.13 / sec	55.88 msec
2 Nodes - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM (each)	120 msec	20.80 msec	1201.3 / sec	705.72 / sec	24.31 msec
2 Nodes - 2 CPU / 6GB RAM (each)	490 msec	21.37 msec	1396.3 / sec	822.15 / sec	72.37 msec

Workload 6 - Custom Go RPC call

This workload executes a simple RPC function exposed through the Go runtime. The function receives a payload as a JSON string, decodes it, and echoes it back to the sender.

1 Node - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM

Throughput (req/s)

2 Node - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM (per node)

Throughput (req/s)

2 Node - 2 CPU / 6GB RAM (per node)

Throughput (req/s)

Request statistics

Hardware	highest 10sec mean	lowest 10sec mean	Highest Rate	Mean Rate	Mean
1 Node - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM	120 msec	19.99 msec	1192.9 / sec	705.20 / sec	27.92 msec
2 Nodes - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM (each)	23.65 msec	19.58 msec	1198.3 / sec	708.17 / sec	21.93 msec
2 Nodes - 2 CPU / 6GB RAM (each)	57.36 msec	18.89 msec	1404.6 / sec	825.40 / sec	24.39 msec

As shown above, a single MetaFi server can handle an average of ~700 requests/sec served in 27.92 msec (mean). When compared with the results of Workload 4 and 5, we see that the results between the Lua, JavaScript and Go runtime are very similar. This is because the benchmarked workload does not incur significant CPU computations; causing the results to be similar despite the differences of the Lua/JavaScript virtual machines. With CPU intensive code the performance results would start to differ as would RAM usage by the Lua/JavaScript runtime.

Workload 7 - Custom authoritative match Logic

This workload emulates a real-time multiplayer game running on MetaFi’s server-authoritative multiplayer engine. Although the client and custom logic are not an actual multiplayer game; the code creates an approximation of a real use-case scenario in terms of messages being exchanged between the server and the connected game clients. We’ll briefly explain the server and client logic in this workload.

Server side logic

The server runs multiplayer matches with a tick rate of 10 ticks per second. Each match can have a maximum of 10 players.

The server implements an RPC call that the client can query to get the ID of an ongoing match (with less than 10 players). When this API is invoked, the server will use the Match Listing feature to look for matches that are not full and return the first result. If no matches were found; a new one is initiated.

The match loop logic is simple; the server expects to receive one of two opcodes from the client and performs either of the following actions:

1. Echo back the received message to the client.

2. Broadcast the message to all of the match participants.

Client side logic

The client logic is also simple; each game client performs the following steps in-order:

1. Authenticates an existing user with MetaFi to receive a token.

2. Execute the server RPC function to receive an ID of an ongoing match (which is not full).

3. Establishes a websocket connection with the real-time API.

4. Join the match with the ID received in step 2.

5. For 180 seconds the client will loop and each half second will alternate between sending a message with opcode 1 or 2.

The messages sent by the client contain a payload of fixed size with a string of 44 and 35 characters for opcode 1 and 2 respectively.

1 Node - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM

Number of connected users

2 Node - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM (per node)

Number of connected users

2 Node - 2 CPU / 6GB RAM (per node)

Number of connected users

These results are the averages for each request made by the client because this workload involved:

1. Authentication

2. RPC Call

3. Connect to websocket and

4. Send messages through the websocket connection;

the results take into account the entire set of request logic performed within each of the client sessions.

Request statistics

Hardware	highest 10sec mean	lowest 10sec mean	Highest Rate	Mean Rate	Mean
1 Node - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM	33.79 msec	0.975 msec	130.9 / sec	39.20 / sec	15.84 msec
2 Nodes - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM (each)	2.49 sec	1.24 msec	208.7 / sec	57.92 / sec	79.85 msec
2 Nodes - 2 CPU / 6GB RAM (each)	0.23 sec	1.18 msec	342.7 / sec	103.18 / sec	42.60 msec

The table below includes the amount of network throughput handled by the game server with the data messages exchanged within the matches. We can see that the number of bytes received by the clients is much higher than the number of bytes sent; 50% of messages sent by clients introduce a broadcast to all match participants by the server as noted above.

Network Throughput

Hardware	Sent/Received	Highest Rate	Total
1 Node - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM	Sent	6.99 Mbits/sec	237.49 MB
	Received	47.81 Mbits/sec	1.54 GB
2 Node - 1 CPU / 3GB RAM (each)	Sent	11.53 Mbits/sec	392.80 MB
	Received	62.34 Mbits/sec	1.97 GB
2 Node - 2 CPU / 6GB RAM (each)	Sent	18.86 Mbits/sec	641.29 MB
	Received	136.41 Mbits/sec	4.43 GB